Exercise associated muscle cramping (EAMC) is defined as a painful, spasmodic, and
involuntary contraction of skeletal muscle that occurs during or immediately after
exercise. There is a high lifetime prevalence of EAMC in athletes, specifically in
endurance athletes. The most important risk factors for EAMC in athletes are a previous
history of EAMC, and performing exercise at a higher relative exercise intensity or
duration, when compared with normal training and participating in hot and humid environmental
conditions. The diagnosis of EAMC is made clinically, and the most effective immediate
management of EAMC is rest and passive stretching. The key to the prevention of EAMC
is to reduce the risk of developing premature muscle fatigue.
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